• Bone scan is done by injecting radioisotope per IV & X-rays are taken.
• To prevent edema edema on the site of sprain, apply cold compress on the area for the 1st 24 hrs
• To turn the client after lumbar Laminectomy, use logrolling technique
• Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs due to the injury of median nerve.
• Massaging the back of the head is specifically important for the client w/ Crutchfield tong.
• A 1 yr old child has a fracture of the L femur. He is placed in Bryant’s traction. The reason for elevation of his both legs at 90 deg. angle is his weight isn’t adequate to provide sufficient countertraction, so his entire body must be used.
• Swing-through crutch gait is done by advancing both crutches together & the client moves both legs past the level of the crutches.
• The appropriate nursing measure to prevent displacement of the prosthesis after a right total hip replacement for arthritis is to place the patient in the position of right leg abducted.
• Pain on non-use of joints, subcutaneous nodules & elevated ESR are characteristic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis.
• Teaching program of a patient w/ SLE should include emphasis on walking in shaded area.

• Otosclerosis is characterized by replacement of normal bones by spongy & highly vascularized bones.
• Use of high pitched voice is inappropriate for the client w/ hearing impairment.
• Rinne’s test compares air conduction w/ bone conduction.
• Vertigo is the most characteristic manifestation of Meniere’s disease.
• Low sodium is the diet for a client w/ Meniere’s disease.
• A client who had cataract surgery should be told to call his MD if he has eye pain.
• Risk for Injury takes priority for a client w/ Meniere’s disease.
• Irrigate the eye w/ sterile saline is the priority nursing intervention when the client has a foreign body protruding from the eye.

• Snellen’s Test assesses visual acuity.
• Presbyopia is an eye disorder characterized by lessening of the effective powers of accommodation.
• The primary problem in cataract is blurring of vision.
• The primary reason for performing iridectomy after cataract extraction is to prevent secondary glaucoma.
• In acute glaucoma, the obstruction of the flow of aqueous humor is caused by displacement of the iris.
• Glaucoma is characterized by irreversible blindness.
• Hyperopia is corrected by convex lens.
• Pterygium is caused primarily by exposure to dust.
• A sterile chronic granulomatous inflammation of the meibomian gland is chalazion.
• The surgical procedure w/c involves removal of the eyeball is enucleation.

• Myasthenia gravis (MG) is caused by the destruction of acetylcholine receptors causing muscle weakness.
• Ptosis is an early sign commonly seen in MG.
• Prepare to administer atropine sulfate when the client reports difficulty swallowing & excessive respiratory secretions one hour after receiving pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon).
• Observe for muscle rigidity when evaluating for the extent of Parkinson’s disease.
• Parkinson’s disease is best described as the degeneration of the substantia nigra, depleting dopamine.
• To evaluate effectiveness of levodopa/carbidopa, observe for lessened rigidity & tremors.
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is pathophysiologically characterized by demyelination of the nerve fibers interfering w/ nerve transmission.
• Stress may exacerbate multiple sclerosis.
• Baclofen (Lioresal) may be used to decrease spasticity in the client w/ multiple sclerosis.
• When the client experiences Diplopia, patch one eye w/ eye pad.

• The client is for EEG this morning. Prepare him for the procedure by rendering hair shampoo, excluding caffeine from his meal & instructing the client to remain still during the procedure.
• If the client w/ increased ICP demonstrates decorticate posturing, observe for flexion of elbows, extension of the knees, plantar flexion of the feet,
• The nursing diagnosis that would have the highest priority in the care of the client who has become comatose following cerebral hemorrhage is Ineffective Airway Clearance.
• The initial nursing action—for a client who is in the clonic phase of a tonic-clonic seizure—is to obtain equipment for orotracheal suctioning.
• The first nursing intervention in a quadriplegic client who is experiencing autonomic dysreflexia is to elevate his head as high as possible.
• Following surgery for a brain tumor near the hypothalamus, the nursing assessment should include observing for inability to regulate body temp.
• Post-myelogram (using metrizamide (Amipaque)   care includes keeping head elevated for at least 8 hrs.
• Homonymous hemianopsia is described by a client had CVA & can only see the nasal visual field on one side & the temporal portion on the opposite side.
• Ticlopidine may be prescribed to prevent thromboembolic CVA.
• To maintain airway patency during a stroke in evolution, have orotracheal suction available at all times.
• For a client w/ CVA, the gag reflux must return before the client is fed.
• Clear fluids draining from the nose of a client who had a head trauma 3 hrs ago may indicate basilar skull fracture.
• An adverse effect of gingival hyperplasia may occur during Phenytoin (DIlantin) therapy.
• Urine output increased: best shows that the mannitol is effective in a client w/ increased ICP.
• A client w/ C6 spinal injury would most likely have the symptom of quadriplegia.

100 Items Nursing Comprehensive Exam Review Questions

• The patient who believes in a scientific, or biomedical, approach tov health is likely to expect a drug, treatment, or surgery to cure illness.
• Chronic illnesses occur in very young as well as middle-aged and very old people.
• The trajectory framework for chronic illness states that preferences about daily life activities affect treatment decisions.
• Exacerbations of chronic disease usually cause the patient to seek treatment and may lead to hospitalization.
• School health programs provide cost-effective health care for low-income families and those who have no health insurance.
• Collegiality is the promotion of collaboration, development, and interdependence among members of a profession.
• A change agent is an individual who recognizes a need for change orv is selected to make a change within an established entity, such as a hospital.
• The patients’ bill of rights was introduced by the American Hospital Association.
• Abandonment is premature termination of treatment without the patient’s permission and without appropriate relief of symptoms.
• Values clarification is a process that individuals use to prioritize their personal values.
• Distributive justice is a principle that promotes equal treatment for all.
• Milk and milk products, poultry, grains, and fish are good sources of phosphate.
• The best way to prevent falls at night in an oriented, but restless, elderly patient is to raise the side rails.
• By the end of the orientation phase, the patient should begin to trust the nurse.
• Falls in the elderly are likely to be caused by poor vision.
• Barriers to communication include language deficits, sensoryv deficits, cognitive impairments, structural deficits, and paralysis.
• The three elements that are necessary for a fire are heat, oxygen, and combustible material.
• Sebaceous glands lubricate the skin.
• To check for petechiae in a dark-skinned patient, the nurse should assess the oral mucosa.
• To put on a sterile glove, the nurse should pick up the first glovev at the folded border and adjust the fingers when both gloves are on.
• To increase patient comfort, the nurse should let the alcohol dry before giving an intramuscular injection.
• Treatment for a stage 1 ulcer on the heels includes heel protectors.
• Seventh-Day Adventists are usually vegetarians.
• Endorphins are morphinelike substances that produce a feeling of well-being.
• Pain tolerance is the maximum amount and duration of pain that an individual is willing to endure.

• Falls are the leading cause of injury in elderly people.
• Primary prevention is true prevention. Examples are immunizations, weight control, and smoking cessation.
• Secondary prevention is early detection. Examples include purifiedv protein derivative (PPD), breast self-examination, testicular self-examination, and chest X-ray.
• Tertiary prevention is treatment to prevent long-term complications.
• A patient indicates that he’s coming to terms with having a chronic disease when he says, “I’m never going to get any better.”
• On noticing religious artifacts and literature on a patient’s nightv stand, a culturally aware nurse would ask the patient the meaning of the items.
• A Mexican patient may request the intervention of a curandero, orv faith healer, who involves the family in healing the patient.
• In an infant, the normal hemoglobin value is 12 g/dl.
• The nitrogen balance estimates the difference between the intake and use of protein.
• Most of the absorption of water occurs in the large intestine.
• Most nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine.
• When assessing a patient’s eating habits, the nurse should ask, “What have you eaten in the last 24 hours?”
• A vegan diet should include an abundant supply of fiber.
• A hypotonic enema softens the feces, distends the colon, and stimulates peristalsis.
• First-morning urine provides the best sample to measure glucose, ketone, pH, and specific gravity values.
• To induce sleep, the first step is to minimize environmental stimuli.
• Before moving a patient, the nurse should assess the patient’sv physical abilities and ability to understand instructions as well as the amount of strength required to move the patient.
• To lose 1 lb (0.5 kg) in 1 week, the patient must decrease his weeklyv intake by 3,500 calories (approximately 500 calories daily). To lose 2 lb (1 kg) in 1 week, the patient must decrease his weekly caloric intake by 7,000 calories (approximately 1,000 calories daily).
• To avoid shearing force injury, a patient who is completely immobile is lifted on a sheet.
• To insert a catheter from the nose through the trachea for suction, the nurse should ask the patient to swallow.
• Vitamin C is needed for collagen production.
• Only the patient can describe his pain accurately.
• Cutaneous stimulation creates the release of endorphins that block the transmission of pain stimuli.
• Patient-controlled analgesia is a safe method to relieve acute painv caused by surgical incision, traumatic injury, labor and delivery, or cancer.
• An Asian American or European American typically places distance between himself and others when communicating.